SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP SOLUSI MENGATASI KEMISKINAN SEBAGAI DAMPAK PANDEMI COVID-19 BERBASIS CORE VALUES
Keywords:
social Entreprenuership, kemiskinan, covid-19, core valuesAbstract
Dampak dari pandemi covid-19 adalah meningkatnya kemiskinan. Data menunjukkan tingkat kemiskinan penduduk mencapai 12,4 % diwujudkan dalam angka sebanyak 8,5 juta jiwa. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka tujuan penelitian menemukan solusi mengatasi kemiskinan sebagai akibat pandemi covid-19 menggunakan strategi social entrepreneurship pada usaha mikro, kecil, dan menengah berbasis core values. Metode penelitian memilih kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus memfokuskan kajian menelaah peristiwa tertentu sesuai konteks kehidupan nyata kontemporer. Adapun tipenya berupa studi kasus instrumental tunggal yang memperhatikan satu persoalan tertentu. Subjek penelitian yaitu pelaku usaha mikro, kecil, dan menengah di Tanggulangin, Nanggulan, Kulon Progo. Pengambilan sampel berdasarkan purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data memakai teknik wawancara semi terstrukur dan analisis data mengacu pada tema untuk mendalami kompleksitas dari kasus yang ada. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tentang deskripsi dari social entreprenurship dapat menjadi solusi mengatasi kemiskinan sebagai dampak pandemi covid-19 pada pelaku usaha mikro, kecil, dan menengah di Tanggulangin. Temuan ini sesuai konsep social entrepreneurship memiliki pemahaman aktivitas usaha yang dijalankan bukan hanya memperoleh keuntungan materi semata, tetapi target utamanya adalah memecahkan masalah yang dialami di lingkungannya terkait bertambahnya warga miskin disebabkan oleh badai pandemi covid-19. Keberhasilan mengatasi kemiskinan karena implementasi social entrepreneurship berpondasi pada core values seperti individual wellness mengenai kemampuan coping berpusat pada pennaganan masalah dan respon emosional, social justice memberi kesempatan sama untuk berkembang, citizern participation melalui keikutsertaan penuh dari masyarakat, collaboration & community strengths mengandalkan kekuatan masyarakat setempat, dan respect for human diversity memperhatikan aspek multikultural.
References
D. Junaedi and F. Salistia, “Dampak pandemi covid-19 terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi negara-negara terdampak,” in Simposium Nasional Keuanganm Negara, 2020, pp. 995–1115, [Online]. Available: https://jurnal.bppk.kemenkeu.go.id/snkn/article/view/600.
S. D. Violandani and H. W. Ekowati, “Analisis komparasi rasio keuangan sebelum dan selama pandemi covid-19 pada perusahaan terbuka yang terdaftar pada indeks Lq45,” J. Ilm. Mhs. FEB, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 1–2, 2021, [Online]. Available: https://jimfeb.ub.ac.id/index.php/jimfeb/article/view/7248.
C. Hilam and K. Laturette, “Analisis perbedaan kinerja perusahaan sebelum dan Saat Pandemi Covid-19,” Balanc. J. Akuntansi, Audit. Dan Keuangan, 18(1), 91-109, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 91–109, 2021, [Online]. Available: https://ejournal.atmajaya.ac.id/index.php/BALANCE/article/view/2659.
R. Rosita, “Pengaruh pandemi covid-19 terhadap UMKM di Indonesia,” J. Lentera Bisnis, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 109–120, 2020, [Online]. Available: https://plj.ac.id/ojs/index.php/jrlab/article/view/380.
B. S. A. Utami, “Dampak pandemi Covid 19 terhadap sektor UMKM di Indonesia,” Econ. J. Ilmu Ekon., vol. 03, no. 1, pp. 1–7, 2021, [Online]. Available: https://journal.uwks.ac.id/index.php/economie/article/view/1511.
D. Prayogo and Sukim, “Determinan daya beli masyarakat Indonesia selama pandemi Covid-19 tahun 2020,” in Prosiding Seminar Nasional Official Statistics, 2020, vol. 2020, pp. 631–640, [Online]. Available: https://prosiding.stis.ac.id/index.php/semnasoffstat/article/view/987.
S. Indayani and B. Hartono, “Analisis pengangguran dan pertumbuhan ekonomi sebagai akibat pandemi covid-19,” J. Perspekt., vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 201–208, 2020, [Online]. Available: https://ejournal.bsi.ac.id/ejurnal/index.php/perspektif/article/view/8581.
S. Kasnelly, A. Jalil, and Fahri, “Meningkatnya Angka Pengangguran Ditengah Pandemi (Covid-19),” Al-Mizan J. Ekon. Syariah, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 45–60, 2020, [Online]. Available: http://www.ejournal.an-nadwah.ac.id/index.php/almizan/article/view/142.
S. Setyadi and L. Indriyani, “Dampak pandemi covid-19 terhadap peningkatan resiko kemiskinan di Indonesia,” PARETO J. Ekon. Dan Kebijak. Publik, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 53–66, 2021, [Online]. Available: https://journals.unihaz.ac.id/index.php/pareto/article/view/1891.
A. Suryahadi, A. R. Izzali, and D. Suryadarma, “The Impact of COVID-19 outbreak on poverty : An estimation for Indonesia,” Jakarta, 12, 2020. [Online]. Available: http://www.smeru.or.id/sites/default/files/publication/wp_covid19impact_draft.pdf.
K. T. Mccrea et al., “Understanding violence and developing resilience with African American youth in high-poverty, high-crime communities,” Child. Youth Serv. Rev., vol. 99, pp. 296–307, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.12.018.
A. Hailemariam, T. Sakutukwa, and S. L. Yew, “The impact of energy poverty on physical violence,” Energy Econ., vol. 100, p. 105336, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105336.
C. B. Dollar, E. A. Donnelly, and K. F. Parker, “Joblessness , Poverty , and Neighborhood Crime : Testing Wilson ’ s Assertions of Jobless Poverty,” Soc. Curr., vol. 4, no. 6, pp. 343–360, 2019, doi: 10.1177/2329496519836075.
S. Rahamllia, Ariiusni, and M. Triani, “Pengaruh tingkat pendidikan, pengangguran, dan kemiskian terhadap kriminalitas di Indonesia,” J. Kaji. Ekon. Dan Pembang., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 21–36, 2019, [Online]. Available: http://ejournal.unp.ac.id/students/index.php/epb/article/view/5345.
D. Kuciswara, F. Muslihatiningsih, and S. Edy, “Pengaruh urbanisasi, tingkat kemiskinan, dan ketimpangan pendapatan terhadap kriminalitas di provinsi jawa timur,” JAE (JURNAL Akunt. DAN Ekon., vol. 3, no. 6, pp. 1–9, 2021, doi: 10.29407/jae.v6i3.16307.
H. Phoumin and F. Kimura, “Cambodia ’ s energy poverty and its effects on social wellbeing : Empirical evidence and policy implications ⋆,” Energy Policy, vol. 132, no. May, pp. 283–289, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2019.05.032.
Z. Zhang, H. Shu, H. Yi, and X. Wang, “Household multidimensional energy poverty and its impacts on physical and mental health,” Energy Policy, vol. 156, no. May, p. 112381, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112381.
N. Noerkaisar, “Efektivitas penyaluran bantuan sosial pemerintah untuk mengatasi dampak covid-19 di Indonesia,” J. Manaj. Perbendaharaan, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 83–104, 2021, [Online]. Available: https://jmp.kemenkeu.go.id/index.php/mapan/article/view/363%0A%0A.
S. Maisarah and F. Ilhamsjah, “Efektivitas penerimaan program bantuan langsung tunai dana desa selama pandemi covid-19 di desa Suok Puntong,” J. Ilmu Adm. Negara, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 40–53, 2022, [Online]. Available: https://ojs.umrah.ac.id/index.php/juan/article/view/4138.
W. Rahmansyah, R. A. Qadri, R. T. S. Ressa, A. Sakti, and S. Ikhsan, “Pemetaan permasalahan penyaluran bantuan sosial untuk penanganan covid-19 di Indonesia,” J. Pajak Dan Keuang. Negara, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 90–102, 2020, [Online]. Available: https://jurnal.pknstan.ac.id/index.php/pkn/article/view/995.
N. K. A. Febriyanti, I. W. W. Astara, and I. W. Arthanaya, “Implemetasi pengaturan pemberian bantuan sosial dalam era pandemi Covid-19 di desa adat Kuta,” J. Prefer. Huk., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 276–281, 2021, [Online]. Available: https://www.ejournal.warmadewa.ac.id/index.php/juprehum/article/view/3322.
N. Mufidah, “Efektivitas bantuan sosial tunai di kelurahan Purwosari kecamatan Purwosari kabupaten Pasuruan,” J. Sos. Sains, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 82–92, 2021, [Online]. Available: https://sosains.greenvest.co.id/index.php/sosains/article/view/23.
W. Phillips, H. Lee, A. Ghobadian, N. O. Regan, and P. James, “Social Innovation and Social Entrepreneurship : A Systematic Review,” 2014, doi: 10.1177/1059601114560063.
Yusriadi, S. Zulfiqarr, M. Awaluddin, and Misnawati, “Pengentasan kemiskinan melalui socialpreneur,” Wikrama Parahita J. Pengabdi. Masy., vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 115–120, 2020, [Online]. Available: https://e-jurnal.lppmunsera.org/index.php/parahita/article/view/2529.
M. Lateh, M. D. Hussain, and M. Safizal, “Social Entrepreneurship Development and Poverty Alleviation - A Literature Review,” MAYFEB J. Bus. Manag., vol. 2, pp. 1–11, 2018, [Online]. Available: https://mayfeb.com/index.php/BUS/article/view/57.
D. M. Hussain and A. B. Bhuiyan, “Entrepreneurship development and poverty alleviation: An empirical review,” J. Asian Sci. Res., vol. 4, no. 10, pp. 558–573, 2014, [Online]. Available: https://archive.aessweb.com/index.php/5003/article/view/3681.
A. Susanti, N. N. Izana, and H. Sabariman, “Dinamika dan kewirausahaan sosial masyarakat desa Bicak, Trowulan, Mojokerto dalam menghadapi pandemi covid-19,” J. Pendidik. Ilmu Sos., vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 41–52, 2022, [Online]. Available: https://journals.ums.ac.id/index.php/jpis/article/view/18144.
H. Wibowo et al., “Praktik kewirausahaan sosial industri rumah tangga di desa Cibodas Solokan Jeruk Jawa Barat (Sebuah studi sasus menggunakan kerangka kanvas model bisnis),” J. Kolaborasi Resolusi Konflik, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 127–136, 2021, [Online]. Available: http://jurnal.unpad.ac.id/jkrk/article/view/32145.
D. R. Pratama, “Peran kewirausahaan sosial dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat: Tiga cerita dari Kutai Timur,” Umbara, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 115–129, 2019, [Online]. Available: http://jurnal.unpad.ac.id/umbara/article/view/25368.
D. Littlewood and D. Holt, “Social Entrepreneurship in South Africa : Exploring the Influence of Environment,” 2018, doi: 10.1177/0007650315613293.
G. Surie, “Technological Forecasting & Social Change Creating the innovation ecosystem for renewable energy via social entrepreneurship : Insights from India,” Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang., vol. 121, pp. 184–195, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.techfore.2017.03.006.
J. Wu, S. Zhuo, and Z. Wu, “Technological Forecasting & Social Change National innovation system , social entrepreneurship , and rural economic growth in China,” Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang., vol. 121, pp. 238–250, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.techfore.2016.10.014.
V. Terziev, N. Bencheva, and T. Stoeva, “Developing social entrepreneurship in the EU: a cross-country analysis,” Int. E-Journal Adv. Soc. Sci., vol. VI, no. 16, pp. 37–44, 2020, [Online]. Available: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3603159.
V. Terziev, “Research on the Status of Social Entrepreneurship in Bulgaria : a Presentation of a Project Report ’ s Primary Data,” J. Innov. Sustain., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 9–34, 2017, [Online]. Available: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3149069%0A%0A.
K. Cagarman, J. Kratzer, and K. Osbelt, “Social Entrepreneurship : Dissection of a Phenomenon through a German Lens,” Sustainability, vol. 12, no. 18, pp. 1–18, 2020, [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.3390/su12187764%0A%0A.
A. Pacut, “Drivers toward social entrepreneurs engagement in Poland: An institutional approach,” Adm. Sci., vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 1–24, 2020, [Online]. Available: .
J. H. Dalton, M. M. Ellas, and A. Wandersman, Community psychology. Linking individual and communities. United States: Wadsworth Thomson Learning, 2001.
N. K. Denzin and Y. S. Lincoln, Hand Book of Qualitative Research. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2009.
J. W. Creswell, Penelitian Kualitatif & Desain Riset. Memilih Diantara Lima Pendekatan. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2015.
S. Campbell, M. Greenwood, S. Prior, K. Walkem, S. Young, and D. Bywaters, “Purposive sampling : complex or simple ? Research case examples,” J. Res. Nurs., vol. 25, no. 8, pp. 652–661, 2020, doi: 10.1177/1744987120927206.
H. Utomo, “Menumbuhkan minat kewirausahaan sosial,” Among Makarti, vol. 2, no. 7, pp. 1–16, [Online]. Available: https://jurnal.stieama.ac.id/index.php/ama/article/view/99.
T. T. Le, T. Nguyet, Q. Nguyen, Q. Ha, and M. Tran, “When giving is good for encouraging social entrepreneurship,” Australas. Mark. J., vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 1–10, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.ausmj.2020.05.005.
K. Baral, M. Dahal, S. Khanal, P. Subedi, K. Pathak, and A. Ka, “Dialogues in Health Linkages between stress and stress coping strategies among Nepalese during COVID-19 lockdown : A nationwide cross- sectional study,” Dialogues Heal., vol. 1, no. June, p. 100023, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.dialog.2022.100023.
X. Even, D. Huang, and Q. Chen, “Stress and coping among micro-entrepreneurs of peer-to-peer accommodation,” Int. J. Hosp. Manag., vol. 97, no. April, p. 103009, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.ijhm.2021.103009.
S. Budimir, T. Probst, and C. Pieh, “Coping strategies and mental health during COVID-19 lockdown,” J. Ment. Heal., vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 156–163, 2021, doi: 10.1080/09638237.2021.1875412.
T. A. Tianingsih, “Hubungan Antara Strategi Problem Focused Coping Dengan Resiliensi Psikologis Pada Pelaku Usaha Travel Perjalanan,” Universitas Islam Riau, 2022.
C. T. Dollarhide, A. Clevenger, S. Dogan, and K. Edwards, “Social Justice Identity : A Phenomenological Study,” J. Humanist. Psychol., vol. 56, no. 6, pp. 624–645, 2016, doi: 10.1177/0022167816653639.
A. R. Matamanda and Q. L. Chinozvina, “Land Use Policy Driving Forces of Citizen Participation in Urban Development Practice in,” Land use policy, vol. 99, no. October, p. 105090, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.105090.
P. Suebvises, “Social capital , citizen participation in public administration , and public sector performance in Thailand,” World Dev., vol. 109, pp. 236–248, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.05.007.
E. Gentari, L. M. Dewi, and Syamsudin, “Peningkatan kemandirian perekonomian melalui program wirausaha sosial dan gotong royong desa Sambi Gerowong, Sukawana, Serang, Banten,” Kaibon Abhinaya J. Pengabdi. Masy., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 7–12, 2019, [Online]. Available: https://e-jurnal.lppmunsera.org/index.php/KA/article/view/975.
L. Karwati and Mustakim, “Model pemberdayaan masyarakat terintegrasi dengan kearifan dan nilai budaya lokal melalui pendekatan sosial entrepreneurship,” J. Ilm. Visi, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 157–164, 2017, [Online]. Available: http://journal.unj.ac.id/unj/index.php/jiv/article/view/8668.
E. Yanfei and M. Lounsbury, “An institutional logics approach to social entrepreneurship : Market logic , religious diversity , and resource acquisition by micro finance organizations,” J. Bus. Ventur., vol. 31, no. 6, pp. 643–662, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.jbusvent.2016.09.001.
A. Josefová, “The cultural diversity as a phenomenon of the multicultural society,” Procedia - Soc. Behav. Sci., vol. 152, pp. 1019–1021, 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.09.266.
Y. Fajar, T. D. Hastjarjo, F. Psikologi, and U. G. Mada, “Peran Pandangan Dunia dan Emosi Positif terhadap Kepribadian Multikultural,” Gadjah Mada J. Psychol., vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 110–122, 2017, [Online]. Available: https://journal.ugm.ac.id/gamajop/article/view/43442.
